Ethics in Cosmetic Surgery - 1367 Words

Every year more and more people around the world are choosing to have cosmetic surgery. It seems to be an easy fix to problems that people perceive, even if the problems are natural, like breast size. In a sociological study done in the UK, the author found that â€Å"[T]o have breast implants requires a major medical procedure, but they are sold as a fashion accessory and the procedure is framed as a beauty treatment rather than an operation by those who sell it† (Taylor). While many cosmetic surgeries are fairly simple procedures, there is very little benefit to outweigh the extreme risks, and many doctors are more interested in making money than fully explaining all of the risks to their patients. Many patients would be better helped by†¦show more content†¦In the case of breast augmentation, part of treating an infection means removing the implants (Ho-Asjoe). Not only would the patient be sick from the infection, but they would not even have anything to show for it. According to the study done by Doctors Yoho, Romaine, and O’Neil, the occurrence of infection after liposuction is as low as 1 in 107, with 1 in 70,892 resulting in death (Yoho et al 738). They also provide information from a Dutch study, where half of 107 male patients who had undergone abdominoplasty suffered from some sort of wound infection (Yoho et al 739). Many cosmetic surgeries are targeted at older patients, who are much more likely to get an infection than younger patients. Because the patients are older, they are more likely to also have other health problems, such as diabetes. This also raises their risk factor for infection (Surgical Site Infections). While infections do not tend to be deadly, there is always the possibility of something serious happening. The most dangerous risk of infection is sepsis. This usually occurs in the hospital, after the surgery. The patient would start out with just a fever and redness around the wound site, then if antibiotics a re not administered quickly enough, or if the infection is resistant, the infection can progress and begin to shut down organs, leading to death (Sepsis). In order to help prevent infection, doctors must make sure that the patient is in good health and able to keepShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of Cosmetic Surgery1264 Words   |  6 PagesThe Ethics of Cosmetic Surgery Cosmetic surgery, a type of elective surgery undertaken to alter a person’s appearance for reasons beyond injury, illness, or disease, has become increasingly pervasive in society in the past few decades despite sparking controversial debates. (Coleman, 171) While reconstructive surgery is condoned, cosmetic surgery occupies a gray area where physicians â€Å"dedicated to saving lives, healing, and promoting health† perform â€Å"invasive surgical operations on healthy bodiesRead MorePlastic Surgery Ethics Essay1605 Words   |  7 PagesPlastic surgery is a rapidly evolving field spread around the world. Plastic surgery deals with human appearance and is becoming a more profitable business throughout the years. It is divided into two sections, reconstructive and cosmetic surgery. An ethical dilemma that corresponds to plastic surgery is the loss of human values patients encounter once they undergo surgery. Also, individuals that depend on cosmetic surgery detract fro m patients that are in urgent need of these procedures. The replacementRead MoreCosmetic Surgery : Medical Medicine1236 Words   |  5 Pages Cosmetic Surgery Alexis Thomas AHS 128 – Health Sciences Intro Professor Sloan Midlands Technical College - Airport COSMETIC SURGERY 2 Abstract Over recent years, there has been a rising trend in the demand for cosmetic surgeries. These procedures are typically carried out to change, improve, or enhance ones appearance. Cosmetic surgery, also called plastic surgery dates backRead MoreThe, Beauty, And Beauty1573 Words   |  7 Pageslooks like. But, is remarkably debated and should be abnegated from preponderant cases: The craft of plastic surgery. In a candid notion, plastic surgery can be delineated as, a procedure of rejuvenating or refurbishing distinctive segments of the body by delegating tissues either in the treatment of a laceration or for cosmetic dialectics. Cosmetic surgery is an element of plastic surgery that alters and revamps a personage’s appearance to make them glean an augmented look. People of every race andRead MoreEssay on Cosmetic Surgery and the Mask of Aging in Western Society988 Words   |  4 PagesCosmetic Surgery and the Mask of Aging in Western Society Grogan, Sarah (1999) Body Image: understanding body dissatisdaction in men, women and children. London and New York: Routledge 2 4 25 41 48 49-52 57 68 151 152 191 Body Image: The picture of our own body which we form in our mind, that is to say, the way in which our body appears to ourselves. (Schilder, 1950: 11) * (25) Slimness is seen as a desirable attribute for women in prosperous westernRead MoreEssay on Plastic Surgery for Teenagers953 Words   |  4 PagesPlastic Surgery is a controversial topic nowadays. Some men and women believe that plastic surgery is a great chance to have finally the body, face, and even romantic life always dreamed about. In the U.S. the plastic surgery television shows have made these ideas more popular and common than ever. Some men and women have other reasons for want plastic surgery Such as people who want plastic surgery have disfigurements to the face or body because of birth defects or genetic problems. The rise inRead MoreCosmetic surgery is a globally well-known term, which is undertaken to alter and enhance human1000 Words   |  4 PagesCosmetic surgery is a globally well-known term, which is undertaken to alter and enhance human self-imageand esteem.Cosmetic surgery is different from all other forms of surgeries and is a treatment for â€Å"want† rather than for â€Å"need†. Along with g aining popularity due to social obsession, it also creates health risks due to invasive surgery. This essay will argue for government control of cosmetic surgery in the areas of advertisement, medical malpractices and human welfare. Media advertising industryRead MorePlastic Surgery And Its Effect On Society1169 Words   |  5 Pagesadvertisements and the ideal beautiful portray. Many people feel that the only way to achieve such looks is through the process of plastic surgery, women especially. Women feel an immense amount of pressure to achieve a certain look to be considered beautiful. Plastic surgery is a cosmetic procedure in which in helps to alter the appearance and functions of the body. Over the cosmetic procedures have become a norm and many people see it as a necessity in order for them to love themselves. These standards of beautyRead MoreThe Body Is The Most Holistic Reflection Of Oneself, It Is Raw, Conspicuous And Present Essay1203 Words   |  5 PagesFurther, the introduction of enhancement technologies have revolutionised how the body functions within society; Ethnographies such as, The Poor Have the Right To Be Beautiful : Cosmetic Surgery in Neoliberal Brazil’ Alexander Edmonds an d ‘Medicalization of Racial Features: Asian American Women and Cosmetic Surgery’ Eugenia Kaw explore the interplay of technology and modernity with how one not only presents, but perceives their body. Both ethnographers explore the meaning of body modificationsRead MoreSociety s Outlook On Plastic Surgery963 Words   |  4 Pagesplastic surgery has changed throughout the years; it has become something so common that it is no longer looked down upon on. According to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons â€Å"15.6 million cosmetic procedures, including both minimally-invasive and surgical, were performed in the United States in 2014, an increase of 3 percent since 2013.† and the rates continue to expand as the years go by. There are so many more surgical procedures that can be done compared to when plastic surgeries began back

Aversion Therapy Essays - 663 Words

Sigfried McGee PSY331: Psychology of Learning Nina Dulabaum Community Treatment Programs May, 2013 â€Å"The aversion therapy is considered a type of psychological treatment, where patients will be exposed to different types of stimulus and at the same time it will experience some type of discomfort (Lieberman, 2012).†This treatment is based on the principles of classical conditioning; using classical conditioning to get rid of addictions or unwanted behaviours. Patient’s unwanted addiction is paired with a drug that makes them sick. â€Å"Aversion therapy can be used with alcoholics. Alcohol is paired with an emetic drug (a drug which causes nausea and vomiting). Over time the alcoholic associate’s alcohol with being sick and does not†¦show more content†¦In some instances, the client may return to previous patterns of behavior once they are out of treatment and no longer exposed to the deterrent (Cherry).† Aversion therapy uses the behavioral approach principles that new behavior can be learnt in order to overcome addictions, obsession. Because everyone responds differently to alcohol abuse treatment, no single type of treatment is guaranteed to be effective for everyone. Alcohol abuse aversion treatment is a means of helping the addict to not want to use alcohol because they have learned how to associate negative experiences with the use of alcohol. Certain medications can also be used to cause such negative effects making aversion therapy even more effective. This particular behavioral therapy works on the principle that all behavior is learned. It follows, then, that if all behavior is learned then it can be unlearned. Some clinicians have reported that patients undergoing aversive treatment utilizing electric shocks have experienced increased anxiety and anxiety-related symptoms that may interfere with the conditioning process as well as lead to decreased acceptance of the treatment. Few clinicians have reported a worrisome increase in hostility among patients receiving aversion therapy, especially those undergoing treatment using chemical aversants. Although aversion therapy has someShow MoreRelatedTaste Aversion Therapy1038 Words   |  4 PagesTaste aversion therapy is where an aversive stimulus is associated with an unwanted behaviour to therefore extinguish it. One of its primary principles is that all types of behaviour is learned and therefore any undesirable behaviour can be unlearned, with the appropriate method (Aversion Therapy, 2014). The experiment produced by Dale S. Cannon, Antonio Gino, Timothy B. Baker and Peter E. Nathan (1986), evaluated the relationship between the strength o f the taste aversion and the abstinence rateRead MoreThe Effects Of Aversion Therapy On A Person s Behavior1335 Words   |  6 PagesHomosexuality is when a person is sexually, emotionally or romantically attracted to the same sex. For a long time it was seen as a sin, but then society started to perceive it as a mental illness that could be cured. This cure was called Aversion therapy. Aversion Therapy is a form of psychological treatment that modifies a person’s behaviour. It involves forcing discomfort on a person when they are doing an unwanted behaviour goal is to make the individual associate the stimulus with unlikable or painfulRead MoreAversion Therapy Is A Method Of Treatment Used For Treat, Decrease, And Evidentially2897 Words   |  12 Pages AVERSION THERAPY Chad Rowe Mississippi College Child Abuse Investigation AJU432 AO/OL Pamela Spence July 2, 2015 Abstract Aversion Therapy is a method of treatment used to treat, decrease, and evidentially try to eliminate intolerable behaviors. This form of treatment has been used to treat many different addictions and ailments. There are multiple methods used in Aversion Therapy treatment. The study of Aversion TherapyRead MoreIs A Phobia Is An Anxiety Disorder?863 Words   |  4 Pagesremains as the conditioned response. In the case of the food association, a classically conditioned dislike for (and avoidance of) a particular food can develop when becoming ill after eating a certain food. This phenomenon is called developing a taste aversion. Naturally, the brain associates the food with becoming sick, so the body avoids the food in hopes to bypass the sickness. In one example, a patient who consumes a strawberry before undergoing a chemotherapy treatment has their body identify theRead MoreClassical Conditioning1770 Words   |  8 Pagesradiation therapy to kill cancer cells this theory is proven. There are two very unfortunate side effects of these types of treatment; first, the treatments make the patients ill and second they gradually make the patient anorexic. The patient develops a food aversion slowly over the course of the therapy. Doctors have yet to understand why this happens when often the aversion is developed towards foods that are long time favorites of the patients. This is referred to as conditioned taste aversion (GarciaRead MoreThe Occupation Of Gardening And Its Therapeutic Benefits For Children5855 Words   |  24 Pagesgardening, and its fulfilment of a human need, date back to 1500bc where archaeologists discovered ancient paintings of opulent gardens by the Egyptians (Cellauro 2015). Recognition of the benefits of g ardening as a therapeutic tool in occupational therapy date back to Hartwell (1933). It provides opportunities for social inclusion which is a central component in well-being (Grabbe et al 2013). As healthcare has developed over the last few hundred years so has the understanding that gardening is therapeuticRead MoreAutism Between Autism And Autism2229 Words   |  9 Pagesinitiating conversation, as well as impaired language or lack of a spoken language altogether. Children with autism also exhibit repetitive behaviors, such as hand flapping and rocking back and forth (Ockelford, 2013). Other common traits include an aversion to changes in routine and self-stimulation. Self-stimulation includes many of the repetitive behaviors seen in children with autism, as well as toe-walking, making unusual noises, and repeating words (Woliver, 2008). In understanding each of theseRead MoreAmaxophobia: Definition and Symptoms1141 Words   |  5 PagesGreek (meaning fear).2 Amaxophobia is a persistent, abnormal, and unwarranted fear of walking, despite conscious understanding by the phobic individual and reassurance by others that there is no danger. An extreme unwarranted fear and/ or physical aversion to walking.3 Causes: It is generally accepted that phobias arise from a combination of external events (traumatic events) and internal predisposition (heredity or genetic). Many specific phobias can be traced back to a specific triggering eventRead MoreSex Offenders1410 Words   |  6 Pagesproviders recognized that sex offenders evidenced had a high prevalence of cognitive distortions, or thought processes that allowed the offenders to neutralize their feelings of guilt and shame (Abel, 1989). No matter what setting that cognitive therapy is used in, its purpose is to focus on the way an individual thinks and to change any type of â€Å"thinking errors†. For our purposes, cognitive treatment is used in the correctional and community setting to help offenders think rationally and responsiblyRead MoreCase Review : Alcohol Use Disorder, Severe1847 Words   |  8 Pagesfactors that make up Dan’s individual and unique personal experience, an individualized and integrated therapeutic approach would be most beneficial. Utilizing motivational interviewing techniques, solutions-focused therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, as well as narrative therapy, while an eclectic mix of options, can all be utilized to form a cohesive treatment model that would enhance Dan’s chances for success. While Dan clearly recognizes the need for change, and has drawn connections between

Causes and Effects of Poverty Free Essays

Causes and Effects of Poverty In the U. S. , there have been statistics that show that 15 to 25% of the population is living in poverty. We will write a custom essay sample on Causes and Effects of Poverty or any similar topic only for you Order Now Poverty is known as not being able to provide bare minimum requirements to survive, such as food and shelter. There are many causes that associate with poverty, that could include unemployment rates or people believe that some people are just lazy. The effects of poverty can be substantial. It effects people’s health, environment, and causes deprivations. The unemployment rate is still high today, which means there are people who still live in poverty. Some people are not just lazy; it just seems that it is difficult to find employment right now. Many people that are in poverty are because they did not continue their education after high school and many jobs are requiring degrees. Another reason some people are in poverty, is because they made mistakes in their past and when they try to make their life right they have difficulty finding employment. There are many reasons for poverty, but most of the causes are the unemployment rate. An effect of poverty is malnutrition. Malnutrition during infancy and childhood years can cause many great complications with development. Many children that suffer from malnutrition could have poor immune systems, developmental problems with their nervous system, or even brain damage. Compared to children that are not poor, children in poverty are two to three times more likely to have some sort of mental or physical disability from malnutrition. Children who grow up in poverty are also usually unlikely to finish their education. Many children in poverty are about 75 percent less likely to graduate high school than a child that is not poor. Even if a child that grows up in poverty does graduate high school, they are less likely to continue their education with college. As a matter of fact, less than four percent of children in the lowest quartile of family’s income do not graduate college. In today’s world education is important. Many jobs today will not hire people without an education or even without a college degree. All in all, poverty is a big issue. It has been for a long time, just maybe one day the government will help fix the issue. It is not fair for all the children that live in poverty to suffer because their parents work so hard just to make ends meet. Education is the key to success these days, and we should all make sure our children are aware of that at a young age. Works Cited Chitranshi, Mansi. â€Å"Cause and Effects of Poverty. † Articles Wave (2009). Hill, Lewis E. â€Å"The Institutional Economics of Poverty: An Inquiry into the Causes and Effects of Poverty. † Journal of Economic Issues (1998): 279-285. Hunt, Matthew O. The Individual, Society, or Both? A Comparison of Black, Latino, and White Beliefs about the Causes of Poverty. September 1996. Lamson, John. â€Å"Exploring the Ecology of Poverty. † Human Ecology (2009): 4-9. How to cite Causes and Effects of Poverty, Essay examples

Replication Crisis in Social Psychology-Samples for Students

Question: Is There a Replication Crisis in Social Psychology? Answer: Introduction Replication is the practice of repeating of research studies in different situations and subject respondents in order to determine the validity of the study. This is a general practice in research carried out in all disciplines. For the research to be deemed authentic, it is expected that the findings remain the same both in the original research and the replicated version. Recent findings in discrepancy in replicated research findings in social psychology have raised concern. This essay will examine if the levels of discrepancy amount to a crisis of replication in the field of social psychology. Analysis Social psychology is the branch of psychology that deals with human conduct in relation to others. Whereas psychology studies the individual and his/her internal attitudes and motivations, social psychology examines how these personal attributes affect an individuals interaction with others in society. This discipline, like other human sciences, deals with human beings and attempts to study the predictability of human nature (Smith et al, 2014). This in itself is complex because human beings behave differently when in a group as opposed to the behavior they depict when they are alone. Social psychology is an amalgam between sociology and psychology; they both study the context of an individual in the context of society. However, the focus of psychology in this regard is the individual whereas sociology mostly focuses on the society (Smith J A, 2015). In a study carried out by Brian Nosek and the Open Science Collaboration, they found out that out of replications of one hundred correlation and experimental studies published in three psychological journals, only 36% were successful (Anderson et al, 2016). They also found out that social psychology findings were less likely to replicate than those of cognitive psychology by half. These and other findings have sparked a worldwide debate as to whether there is a replication crisis in social psychology. This begs the question as to how thorough the researchers are in their study and whether they sufficiently test their tools of research. Research can be faulted either on the authenticity of the research tools and methodologies used or the skill and experience of the researcher (Tailor et al, 2015). Given that these findings were published in recognized journals, it is likely that they were carried out with tried and tested tools and techniques. The failure to replicate might have arise n due to the failure of the researchers to be thorough in their study. Where research is funded, researchers may be swayed by the monetary incentives to complete their research and may, as a result, rush through the process thereby failing to capture happenings that may alter the result of the study (Sorlie et al, 2015). In many countries, the research budget is mostly strained especially where the concerned authorities do not foresee immediate benefit arising from research. For this reason, researchers mostly work on a limited budget and may not afford to do pilot studies which are vital in testing both the research tools and the study population (Denscombe 2015). Failing on these vital steps definitely interferes with the validity of the results achieved. It is noteworthy that the discourse on replication in social psychology has attracted more public attention as opposed to subjects in other fields like biology or economics. In comparison, it has been proven that aspects of validity and reliability have been the pre-occupation of social psychology for comparatively longer periods (Maxwell et al, 2015). This makes research in this field more sophisticated. The attention it attracts from the general public is therefore expected to be more prominent in comparison to other disciplines (Parker et al, 2015). The research designs in the field of psychology have been tested and used for many years and this gives the regular researcher confidence that the tools are perfect. This presumption is likely to blind the researcher from adherence the required procedures and hence overlook faults in the research that may lead to inaccurate results. Contrary to replication debates that have dominated other fields, social psychology replication discourse has roped in such stalwarts in the field like Susan Flake, John Bargh and Carol Dweck among others. The general feeling that the crisis in this field is dire is thus strengthened by the participation of these scholars. Even in the infant stages of psychology, Popper and Freud had sharp contradictions concerning Freuds falsifiable theory. That spirit of open debate persists even today. Psychological research in any of its sub-branches attracts a lot of attention and public debate (Abelson et al, 2014). Even in the media today we have a host of talk shows that host psychologists that debate various issues that affect society. Human conduct in religion politics, business and career among other facets of human life is bound to interest various players in society. It is therefore obvious that faults and discrepancies that appear in its research will generate more debate than any other field in society. The study of social psychology is therefore quite linked to human nature and obviously whatever is published in this regard enjoys curiosity and suffers public scrutiny. Any study that involves human nature can never claim to have 100% replication. This is because human nature is dynamic and keeps changing as newer interests and motivations confront humanity. The study of social psychology is even more interesting in the sense that it studies the role of institutions in society in relation to the behavior of the individual (Sheriff M., 2015). The forces of globalization and modernity have transformed the role of societal institutions radically that studies that conclusions arrived at must be subjected to further scrutiny with the passage of time (McDougall, 2015). The family institution, which is the most important social institution, has drastically changed in its function and structure today. Whereas family has traditionally played the role of socialization and basic education of an individual, today families are increasingly becoming nuclear and their traditional roles have been taken over by the school and media outlets like facebook and the inte rnet in general. This makes the study of the individual in the context of society more complex. An ordinary individual in society is bombarded by more varied forces that span geographical boundaries across the globe. The individual of yester-year had not to worry about such global forces because his life was confined to the extended family which mostly inhabited a common geographical location. It is also important to note that the researchers are also more likely to succumb to the forces of bias when studying fellow human beings. It is not far-fetched to imagine that a researcher may want to achieve a certain response in research to reinforce his preconceived stereotype about people. Although other researchers too are vulnerable to the evils of bias, a social psychologist faces double tragedy of dealing with the bias of both his subject of study and his own. For this reason, the findings of research may not pass the test of replication. These observations point out to the challenges that researchers in the field of psychology generally face either unintended or deliberately. The pressure, especially among young scholars to Publish or perish partly contributes to this crisis. There is need to rethink the aspect of replication and investigate whether the initial findings were faulty or the repeat findings. There is an inherent assumption that when a research is repeated, more thoroughness is exercised in both the research design and the tools employed. However, overconfident budding researchers may ruin authentic findings generated by their fore-runners in an attempt to gain prominence in academia (Smeyers et al, 2014). Critics must examine both the findings with a sober eye so as to gain a more balanced understanding of the situation at hand. In 1998, researchers reported that people were much happier when they held a pen with their teeth. This was depicted when they watched cartoons; they found the cartoons funnier when the pens with their teeth as opposed to them holding it with their lips. The import of this is that the forced smile on the mouth perhaps sent signals to the brain and thereby stimulated hormones of happiness. The article of this research was cited nearly 1500 times according to Google Scholar statistics (Brockmann, et al, 2013). However, repeat experiments involving seventeen labs that were independent in which over two thousand participants took part found out that there was no relationship between the position of the mouth and the state of happiness. The lead author of the original research expressed shock at the findings and raised pertinent concerns including the fact that the participants were filmed during the repeat exercise and their consciousness in being examined may have interfered with their emotions and by extension, the research findings. Such is the volatility of carrying out social research; so many factors affect the final results of the research done. There have also been concerns about the selection process involved in identifying the experiments to be replicated. So far there has not been record of proper random selection process while selecting cases. With the absence of such information, there have arisen fears that the choice of replicated cases was strongly biased against those researches that the involved people thought to least likely to pass the test (Cook, 2014). This thinking even complicates matters and spreads the notion that social psychology research findings cannot be fully trusted. Psychology students and young professionals getting into psychological research are likely to have their morale lowered by these sentiments. Professionals in this field need to take deliberate public education regarding the special circumstances that a social psychological researcher has to work under so that the public at large can appreciate the benefits such scholars bring in our social milieu. Such campaigns could help prospective researchers in this field to increase their efforts at refining their research designs and tools to arrive at findings that are appreciative of the volatile nature of this discipline (Jenkins, 2014). The ongoing discussion does not imply that it is difficult to achieve replication in social psychology. The infamous Milgram experiment that concluded that participants were so loyal to authority that they were willing to electrocute an innocent person on being given orders was replicated a century later. This was despite the research taking place in different contexts of history and participants. First conducted in the early 60s based on the conduct of Nazi underlings, it was repeated in a different context and surprisingly yielded the same results (Begue L., et al, 2015) This proves that social psychological research can be scientific regardless of time lag and contexts. However, it is possible that scholars trying to reproduce the Milgram experiment would achieve different results today. However, the dynamic nature of human beings, which is the subject of all research in social psychology, should not be an excuse for shoddy research by concerned researchers. Every individual who undertakes research should know that he has a duty towards society to exercise professionalism and thoroughness in his research endeavors. Given the interest that the replication debate has generated, it will be prudent for respected researchers in this field to guide future discourse regarding the discipline. They could in this respect establish structures that guide publication of research findings especially in popular journals. This will limit undue criticisms especially from uninformed social media commentators who may have no idea about the possible damage they may cause especially among young researchers in this field. With this in mind, the chaff and the wheat, figuratively speaking, will be distinguished with regard to criticism. Conclusion There is no actual crisis of replication in social science research. The major criticisms that have been observed in research findings stem from the proximity it has to human existence. Although all disciplines study human existence in various contexts, none touches the heart of life like social psychology. As such studies in this field will touch on human attitudes and motivations in relation to the social processes like socialization, marriage, work among others. It is clear to all that the nature of these processes keeps mutating based of factors responsible for human progress. It will therefore be unreasonable to expect research findings about motives on work during the historic era to apply in modern times; nature of work has changed and even social structures taken new shapes. With such understanding, it will become obvious that the replication crisis being observed in social psychology is not unique to the discipline but is prevalent across varied disciplines. References Abelson, R. P., Frey, K. P., Gregg, A. P. (2014).Experiments with people: Revelations from social psychology. Psychology Press. Anderson, C. J., Bahnk, ., Barnett-Cowan, M., Bosco, F. A., Chandler, J., Chartier, C. R., ... Della Penna, N. (2016). Response to comment on estimating the reproducibility of psychological science.Science,351(6277), 1037-1037. Bgue, L., Beauvois, J. L., Courbet, D., Oberl, D., Lepage, J., Duke, A. A. (2015). Personality predicts obedience in a Milgram paradigm.Journal of Personality,83(3), 299-306. Brockmann, H., Delhey, J. (Eds.). (2013).Human Happiness and the Pursuit of Maximization: Is More Always Better?. Springer Science Business Media. Cook, B. G. (2014). A call for examining replication and bias in special education research.Remedial and Special Education,35(4), 233-246. Denscombe, M. (2014).The good research guide: for small-scale social research projects. McGraw-Hill Education (UK). Jenkins, R. (2014).Social identity. Routledge. Maxwell, S. E., Lau, M. Y., Howard, G. S. (2015). Is psychology suffering from a replication crisis? What does failure to replicate really mean?.American Psychologist,70(6), 487. McDougall, W. (2015).An introduction to social psychology. Psychology Press. Parker, I., Shotter, J. (Eds.). (2015).Deconstructing social psychology(Vol. 21). Psychology Press. Sherif, M. (2015).Group conflict and co-operation: Their social psychology(Vol. 29). Psychology Press. McDougall, W. (2015).An introduction to social psychology. Psychology Press. Smeyers, P., De Ruyter, D. J., Waghid, Y., Strand, T. (2014). Publish yet perish: On the pitfalls of philosophy of education in an age of impact factors.Studies in Philosophy and Education,33(6), 647-666. Smith, E. R., Mackie, D. M., Claypool, H. M. (2014).Social psychology. Psychology Press. Smith, J. A. (Ed.). (2015).Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods. Sage. Sorlie, P. D., Sholinsky, P. D., Lauer, M. S. (2015). Reinvestment in Government-Funded Research. Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., DeVault, M. (2015).Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons.